What can result from a lack of trust during infancy?

A lack of trust during infancy can lead to poor emotional stability because trust is foundational to a child's emotional and psychological development. When infants do not develop a sense of trust, particularly in their primary caregivers, it can result in feelings of insecurity and anxiety. An infant who experiences consistent neglect or unresponsive care may grow up with a pervasive sense of distrust toward others, leading to difficulties in forming healthy relationships and managing emotions later in life. This foundational trust, as described by developmental theorists like Erik Erikson, is crucial for children to feel safe and secure, enabling them to explore their environment confidently and form successful interpersonal connections in their future development.

Poor physical development and a lack of exploration are generally more related to external factors such as nutrition and environmental stimulation rather than emotional factors directly. Enhanced independence may arise from secure attachments when children feel safe to explore and learn. Therefore, the impact of a lack of trust primarily manifests as emotional instability, underscoring the critical role of caregiver responsiveness during the early stages of development.